Schreibpraxis: Kreative Räume

Mit den drei Werkzeugen Whiteboard, Magnetleisten und Moderationstafel erzeuge ich mir eine kreative Blase, die mir Eckpunkte meines aktuellen Romans immer vor Augen hält. Details sind immer direkt greifbar. Wichtige Rechercheergebnisse brauche ich nicht erst irgendwo herauszukramen. Wenn meine Augen durch das Büro wandern, finden sie immer etwas, das zum Romanprojekt gehören. Alle anderen To-Do-Listen und Erinnerungen habe ich aus meinem unmittelbaren Blickfeld verbannt. Und wenn ich gewisse Aspekte im Roman verarbeitet habe, räume ich das Material einen vorbereiteten Karton. So verändert sich mein kreativer Raum mit der Zeit und bleibt dabei immer aktuell.

Jeder Autor versucht täglich, schnell in seinen kreativen Flow zu kommen, in den „Zustand des Glücksgefühls, in den Menschen geraten, wenn sie gänzlich in einer Beschäftigung ‚aufgehen'“ (Mihály Csíkszentmihályi). Das war nicht anders, als ich früher an wissenschaftlichen Papieren arbeitete oder heute an Romanprojekten schreibe. Ich versuche immer, mir kreative Räume zu schaffen. (Und ich meine damit nicht kreative Freiräume! Das ist vielleicht ein zukünftiger Blogpost.)

In meinem letzten Blogeintrag habe ich das EU-Projekt NEPOMUK – The Social Semantic Desktop angesprochen. In diesem Forschungsprojekt haben wir an der Implementierung des persönlichen Wissensarbeitsplatzes gearbeitet. Für mich war der spannendste Anteil die Arbeit mit Kollegen der Königlichen Technischen Hochschule (Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, kurz KTH) in Stockholm. Meine schwedischen Kollegen brachten unter anderem ihr Wissen und ihre Erfahrungen aus dem technischen Design und dem Design von Mensch-Maschine-Interaktionen ein. In contextual interviews und durch Beobachtung von PC-Benutzern entwickelten sie Personas, fiktive Personen, die bestimmte Benutzergruppen verkörpern. ellaSo gab es zum Beispiel Ella, Mutter von zwei Kindern, Lucien (3) und Adèle (5), verheiratet mit Anton. Die Familie lebt in einer Villa in Maisons-Laffitte, einer Pariser Vorstadt. Es gibt noch einiges mehr in ihrer Beschreibung, u. a. welche Berufsziele sie hat und wie wir sie mit dem Wissensarbeitsplatz unterstützen könnten. Neben dem Portrait wurde von allen Personas Ganzkörperabbildungen geschaffen. Und bei unseren Projekttreffen waren alle Personas anwesend, auf Ausziehbannern in Lebensgröße. Sie waren im Blick und in kleineren Besprechungsräumen auch manchmal im Weg. Es war schwer sie zu ignorieren. Und das war auch der Sinn und Zweck.

Als ich das HCI-Department an der KTH einmal besuchte, fiel mir auf, wie viele Design-Beispiele in der ganzen Abteilung sichtbar waren, in Vitrinen ausgestellt oder einfach als Printouts an der Wand. Ich lernte, dass Designer generell so arbeiten. Sie brauchen die Beispiele als Trigger für die eigene Kreativität. Was ich noch besser fand: Sie benutzten diese Beispiele aktiv als Trigger und zur Unterstützung ihrer kreativen Prozesse.

Ich bin ein großer Fan von Making-of-Dokumentationen von Spielfilmen und gebe gerne ein paar Euro mehr aus für Special Editions. Besonders lehrreich fand ich damals – so 2002 oder 2003 denke ich – die ausführlichen Erläuterungen zu den kreativen Entwicklungsprozessen von Peter Jacksons Herr-der-Ringe-Trilogie. Da sind zum Beispiel die WETA-Workshop-Büros zu sehen, die förmlich überquellen von Modellen und Designentwürfen. Gesehen hatte ich das schon, aber den Bezug hatte ich nicht hergestellt zwischen Inspiration zur Hand haben und eigene Kreativität anwenden. Diesen Bezug stellte ich erst etwa fünf Jahre später im Rahmen der Arbeit mit den Stockholmer Kollegen her.

Im Grunde gilt: Jeder Raum lässt sich leicht zum kreativen Raum aufrüsten, indem man aus ihm alles ablenkende Material entfernt und in ihm die richtigen Werkzeuge bzw. Informationen griffbereit zur Hand legt. Wenn ich mich nicht um die Suche nach wichtigen Informationen kümmern muss, sondern mich einfach danach umdrehen oder zur Seite greifen kann, um sie zu finden, bleibe ich viel wahrscheinlicher in meinem Flow.

Seit den NEPOMUK-Zeiten gehören daher drei Dinge zur Grundausstattung meiner Büros: Whiteboard, Magnetleisten und Moderationstafel .

WhiteboardDas Whiteboard muss dabei groß genug sein. Es sollte zudem unbedingt magnetisch sein, damit man schnell mal etwas aufhängen kann. Man kann darauf wunderbar Ideen entwickeln und mit anderen diskutieren. Es ist ein temporärer Ideenraum und nicht dafür gedacht, etwas länger zu dokumentieren. Mit einem Smartphone ist das Ergebnis trotzdem schnell festgehalten.

MagnetleistenEbenfalls unverzichtbar sind für mich alle magnetischen Oberflächen. An zwei Universitäten hatte ich Metallspinde im Büro, die hervorragend geeignet waren, Photographien, Bildschirmsnapshots, Besprechungsnotizen, Entwürfe von Softwarearchitekturen etc. griffbereit aufzuhängen. In unserem aktuellen Arbeitszimmer verwenden wir selbstklebenden Edelstahl-Magnetstreifen.

ModerationstafelDas dritte für mich unverzichtbare Werkzeug für die Einrichtung eines kreativen Raums ist eine Moderationstafel. So manchem sind die filzbespannten Tafeln von Messen oder Fortbildungsveranstaltungen bekannt. An eine Moderationstafel kann man wiederum alles mögliche mit Pins befestigen. Wer will, kann wie bei CSI oder ähnlichen Polizeiserien farbiges Garn zwischen den Fotos, Texten und Skizzen spannen, um Verbindungen zu symbolisieren. Mir reicht die hier dargestellte Gruppierung von Elementen völlig aus. Bisher 😉

Mit den drei Werkzeugen Whiteboard, Magnetleisten und Moderationstafel erzeuge ich mir eine kreative Blase, die mir Eckpunkte meines aktuellen Romans immer vor Augen hält. Details sind immer direkt greifbar. Wichtige Rechercheergebnisse brauche ich nicht erst irgendwo herauszukramen. Wenn meine Augen durch das Büro wandern, finden sie immer etwas, das zum Romanprojekt gehört. Alle anderen To-Do-Listen und Erinnerungen habe ich aus meinem unmittelbaren Blickfeld verbannt. Und wenn ich gewisse Aspekte im Roman verarbeitet habe, räume ich das Material in einen vorbereiteten Karton. So verändert sich mein kreativer Raum mit der Zeit und bleibt dabei immer aktuell.

Eduardo Lupiani guest of my research group

eduardoLike Lotta I met Eduardo Lupiani Ruiz at an ICCBR Doctoral Consortium where he presented his research topic. Eduardo is PhD student at the Departamento de Ingeniería de la Información y las Comunicaciones, University of Murcia, Spain. For four months he will be working with us on his research topic, temporal case selection. He is addressing the problem whether case selection techniques are valid for domains where temporal relations exist either among cases or among their features. During his stay we will look at opportunities to use and/or enhance myCBR for such kinds of domains.

Lotta Rintala guest of my research group

Lotta RintalaI met Lotta Rintala already at ICCBR 2011 but we only got talking at the ICCBR 2012 Doctoral Consortium in Lyon, France, where she presented her research topic. She is looking at how to use CBR for gold ore pretreatment selection. It quickly became clear that her work could benefit from a stay with my research group at the University of West London and that we, on the other hand, could benefit from a myCBR Workbench user who is not a software engineer.

Lotta is a PhD student at the School of Chemical Technology at Aalto University, Finland. For four months – starting in March – Lotta will be working with us. Goal of her research visit is to study how to formally represent cases in her domain using myCBR Workbench, and how to effectively retrieve relevant cases. My team and I will assist in the respective knowledge modelling and programming tasks.

Tutorial: myCBR and Colibri Studio at AI 2012 Conference

From CBR researchers and students we learned that Colibri Studio and myCBR are perceived as competitors. But nothing is further from the truth. Colibri Sudio and myCBR complement each other. At ICCBR 2012 we gave tutorials on our open source tools (announced here) together and decided in discussions afterwards to further promote their interoperability at other venues.

We are happy to showcase myCBR and Colibri Studio at AI 2012, the thirty-second Annual International Conference of the British Computer Society’s Specialist Group on Artificial Intelligence (SGAI), which will be held in the attractive surroundings of Peterhouse College in Cambridge. The introductory tutorial will be given as part of the main conference by Christian Sauer, University of West London, and Dr Juan Antonio Recio García, Complutense University of Madrid.

Additionally, there will be a talk about myCBR and Colibri Studio at the 17th UK Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning (UKCBR 2012).

You can register online here.

CBR is coming home: Competence Centre Case-Based Reasoning at DFKI in Kaiserslautern

I am happy and excited to report that Case-Based Reasoning research is becoming a prominent research topic in Kaiserslautern again. The German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence DFKI GmbH has founded the Competence Center CBR under the lead of Klaus-Dieter Althoff, professor at the University of Hildesheim.

CBR was an important research topic at the University of Kaiserslautern at the research group of Prof. Michael M. Richter until his retirement in 2003. At the knowledge management research department and the accompanying university research group Knowledge-based Systems of Prof. Andreas Dengel CBR was one of the research and teaching topics of Armin Stahl and me. Together we developed the CBR tool myCBR, which now becomes a focal point of further research and innovation transfer to industry.

UKCBR and AI 2008 in Cambridge

At UKCBR I presented the „Explanation Capabilities of the Open Source Case-Based Reasoning Tool myCBR“ (co-authored with my student Daniel Bahls). … The presentation „Code Tagging and Similarity-based Retrieval with myCBR“, also co-authored with Daniel, presented the coTag system. coTag is a code tagging plug-in that allows annotating code snippets in the integrated development environment eclipse.

DSC01826.jpg Already a month ago I enjoyed very much going to the 28th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence AI 2008 and the UK Case-Based Reasoning workshop UKCBR 2008. The workshop was the thirteenth of this successful series. It was the first time I went to either event and I intend to go again. That they took place in Cambridge at Peterhouse college was an added bonus. You can find some photos here.

I had my hands full with four presentations over the course of the three days.

At UKCBR I presented the „Explanation Capabilities of the Open Source Case-Based Reasoning Tool myCBR“ (co-authored with my student Daniel Bahls). I am also happy that Miltos Petridis, organiser of UKCBR invited me to demonstrate the rapid prototyping capabilities of myCBR in a demonstration session.

A special highlight was the invited talk „Using Statistical Translation Models for Textual CBR“ by Luc Lamontagne from Laval University, Québec, Canada.

At AI-2008 I gave two talks, both related to my explanation research. The presentation „Code Tagging and Similarity-based Retrieval with myCBR“, also co-authored with Daniel, presented the coTag system. coTag is a code tagging plug-in that allows annotating code snippets in the integrated development environment eclipse. It offers an easy-to-use interface for tagging and searching not only for exactly the same but for similar tags. For better understanding how coTag comes up with its solution we used the above mentioned explanation capabilities of myCBR.

My second talk was based on a paper I wrote with another student, Florian Mittag: „ReduxExp: An Open-source Justification-based Explanation Support Server“. Here we worked on a mechanism for recording decisions of information systems. In the talk I described the architecture of ReduxExp and first experiences with the system.

Highlights of AI 2008 surely were the machine intelligence competition with live presentations (strictly limited to 15 minutes each) and the Gala Dinner held by candlelight (and without enough heating!) in the dining hall of Peterhouse college.

Sunny Social Semantic Desktop Summer School Successful

The students were eager to learn—something one would like to see at university in one’s own courses a bit more from time to time. … A highlight for me were the mini-projects where students worked in groups on topics they had chosen to their liking.

Participants, lecturers, and tutors of the the first Nepomuk Social Semantic Desktop Summer School on Malta
Participants, lecturers, and tutors of the the first Nepomuk Social Semantic Desktop Summer School on Malta

I have spent last week on Malta where I had co-organised the first Nepomuk Social Semantic Desktop Summer School. The summer school was a great experience and, from what we learned from the participants, a great success. (Read more about the summer school in general here.)

The working atmosphere was enthusiastic from beginning to end. The students were eager to learn—something one would like to see at university in one’s own courses a bit more from time to time. The summer school students indeed wanted to be there. They had had to apply for a seat on the summer school. They worked for their success and they did so wholeheartedly.

Having so much time together at hand for talking and discussing alongside with a lot of fun (and sun!) helped tremendously to concentrate on the topics and to deepen one’s knowledge. There surely was knowledge and experience transferred both ways, from lecturers and tutors to students and vice versa.

A highlight for me were the mini-projects where students worked in groups on topics they had chosen to their liking. Until deep into the night one found groups sitting in different places discussing and programming towards their self-imposed goals. On the last day the student groups presented their impressive results. I was amazed by how much they achieved in so few days.

I surely would like to organise another summer school in the future.

ECCBR 2008

There were also two personal highlights: I was invited to participate in a panel discussion on open source software and I had a talk together with Armin Stahl where we presented myCBR for rapid prototyping and also its explanation capabilities. … Mehmet Göker, with whom I have organised ECCBR 2006, took the view of a global player in software use whereas Eyke Hüllermeier, professor at University of Marburg, took on the role of academia.

Last week I attended the ninth European Conference on Case-Based Reasoning ECCBR 2008 in Trier, Germany. Just around the corner of Kaiserslautern, one could say.

The conference was again a great experience. The community is special. I always feel welcome and at home. From talking to other participants to this conference series I know that even people who attended the conference for the first time feel the same.

A first highlight of this year’s conference was the invited talk by Pádraig Cunningham and Barry Smyth. They analysed research themes in CBR conference literature. One motivation was to check whether our often pessimistic view of our community was founded. It was quite nice to learn that they found that the CBR community is in fact quite healthy. What a relief 🙂 Their analysis discovered a few evolving CBR themes such as recommender systems and diversity, case-base maintenance, adaptation, creativity and knowledge-intensive CBR, and conversational CBR. Their evaluation shows clear evidence of sustained innovation and maturing research. An important discovery surely is that the impact factor is comparable with big AI conferences such as ECAI and ECML.

ECCBR 2008 also presented an innovation: The Computer Cookery Contest CCC. The task:

Write your own software application for the live competition. Show that your program is more creative than the average kitchen user. Let your computer’s recipe creations be evaluated by a professional cook and an international jury of scientists! [From the call for participation]

The competition was quite entertaining. Some of the systems provided, well, interesting recipes when they needed to change ingredients in order to accommodate for ingredients at hand / in the fridge. You can find the results here.

There were also two personal highlights: I was invited to participate in a panel discussion on open source software and I had a talk together with Armin Stahl where we presented myCBR for rapid prototyping and also its explanation capabilities.

The discussion panel was chaired by Ralph Traphöner, a former colleague. Mehmet Göker, with whom I have organised ECCBR 2006, took the view of a global player in software use whereas Eyke Hüllermeier, professor at University of Marburg, took on the role of academia. They discussed with three open source software providers, i.e., with Christian Brockmann (eclipse project smila), Pedro Gonzalez Callero (jColibri), and me (myCBR).

The talk about myCBR was received very well. Over the course of the conference I was asked to show the tool to several attendees who either planned to evaluate myCBR in commercial settings or want to use it for teaching purposes. In my part of the talk I presented some of the explanation capabilities built into myCBR. Go and check out myCBR 🙂

Join the NEPOMUK Social Semantic Desktop Summer School 1.0

Application deadline: June 9th, 2008 The NEPOMUK Social Semantic Desktop develops a comprehensive solution for extending the personal desktop into a collaboration environment which supports both the personal information management and the sharing and exchange across social and organizational relations. The summer school will provide a very good opportunity for postgraduate students to refine their knowledge in a variety of topics such as Semantic Web, Personal Information Management, P2P, HCI or Social Networking, all in the context of the Social Semantic Destkop.

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Together with Yngve Sundblad, Siegfried Handschuh, Tudor Groza, and Charlie Abela I organise the First NEPOMUK Social Semantic Desktop Summer School at Hotel Victoria, Sliema, Malta 7-13 September 2008.

Application deadline: 9 June 2008

The NEPOMUK Social Semantic Desktop EU project develops a comprehensive solution for extending the personal desktop into a collaboration environment which supports both the personal information management and the sharing and exchange across social and organizational relations.

The summer school will provide a very good opportunity for postgraduate students to refine their knowledge in a variety of topics such as Semantic Web, Personal Information Management, P2P, HCI or Social Networking, all in the context of the Social Semantic Desktop. It will consist of a range of theoretical and practical sessions taught by leading researchers in the field and combined with a series of mini-projects to encourage collaboration between participants. In addition to the taught and practical sessions, the students will also benefit from and enjoy a stimulating environment through social interactions with the lecturers, tutors, and the other students.

Please visit the NEPOMUK Summer School website for details of the application process and further information on topics, lecturers, and tutors.

Mnemosyne—Connecting and Sharing Memories and Cultural Experiences, Round 2

The proposal turned out being evaluated successfully, but, as it also happens to many other proposals, there was not enough money in the pot. Luckily, on one hand, the Third Call on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) addressed the same topics; on the other hand, of course, other project proposals will be resubmitted as well.

Nearly a year ago, I submitted Mnemosyne, a STREP proposal in the 7th Research Framework Programme (see my blog entry here). The proposal turned out being evaluated successfully, but, as it also happens to many other proposals, there was not enough money in the pot. Luckily, on one hand, the Third Call on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) addressed the same topics; on the other hand, of course, other project proposals will be resubmitted as well. 

But anyway, we worked on our proposal, extended it, addressed the reviewers‘ comments, and submitted it again. You can find updated information, i.e., abstract and modified consortium, on our Mnemosyne blog.

(Logo design by Bosse Westerlund. All rights reserved.)